Introduction to Common Egg Processing Techniques for Chinese Medicinal Materials
Daily storage of dry medicinal materials can easily breed hidden insect eggs and pest infestations if not taken ...
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Daily storage of dry medicinal materials can easily breed hidden insect eggs and pest infestations if not taken seriously. In the large-scale production of Chinese herbal medicine slices, insecticidal eggs are a key process to ensure the storage quality and compliance with pharmacopoeia standards. There are five commonly used harmless treatment processes in the industry, each with its own advantages and disadvantages, adapted to the characteristics and production needs of different medicinal materials.
Sun drying and air drying are traditional basic techniques that rely on sunlight heat and ultraviolet radiation to kill insects. The operation is zero cost and residue free, suitable for small batches of ordinary medicinal materials. However, this process is greatly restricted by weather conditions, and the insecticidal effect is not thorough, making it difficult to kill deep-seated insect eggs in medicinal materials. Long term exposure to sunlight can also deplete the thermosensitive active ingredients, making it only an auxiliary pest control method.
Hot air drying is a commonly used conventional process in factories, which achieves dual effects of drying, insect suppression, and pest control through continuous hot air. The process is mature and widely adaptable. But it belongs to external heat conduction, with slow heating and long time consumption. Prolonged heating can easily cause the loss of volatile oils in medicinal materials, and can also lead to external dryness and internal dampness, as well as incomplete removal of deep-seated insect eggs.
Low temperature freezing insecticide is a physical low-temperature treatment that inhibits the activity of insect eggs and kills the insect body through low temperature. There is no heating or chemical residue throughout the process, and the effective ingredients of medicinal materials are maximally retained. It is suitable for thermosensitive precious decoction pieces. The disadvantage is that it can only kill insects and has no drying and sterilization effect. If the moisture content of the treated medicinal materials exceeds the standard, they are still prone to moisture and insect infestation after reheating.
The irradiation insecticidal penetration is extremely strong, which can completely kill the eggs and microorganisms inside the decoction pieces. After treatment, the material has no temperature rise or deformation. This process requires professional institutions to process and cannot be produced on an assembly line. Moreover, its market acceptance is limited, and it is mostly used for high standard export slices.
Microwave insecticidal technology is a continuous new process that relies on uniform heat generation inside the material to quickly kill insects. It can also synchronize mild dehydration, process efficiently, have no chemical residues, and is suitable for assembly line production. However, high requirements are placed on the moisture content and thickness of the medicinal materials, and improper control of parameters can easily lead to overheating, discoloration, and component loss of the medicinal materials.
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